Risk of Constipation
Constipation After Hospitalization
After being hospitalized, you may be at higher risk for constipation. This is due to factors such as medications, changes in activity level, reduced mobility, the effects of surgery, and changes in your diet. Even though your diet may be smaller or different after your hospital stay, it's important to keep in mind that you should still have a bowel movement at least every three days.
1. Medications: Some medications, like painkillers (especially opioids), antacids, and antidepressants, can slow down bowel movements.
2. Reduced Mobility: After hospitalization, limited movement can affect how well your bowels function.
3. Diet Changes: Changes in your diet, including reduced fiber or not drinking enough water, can lead to constipation.
4. Surgery Effects: Abdominal or pelvic surgeries may temporarily disrupt bowel function.
5. Stress: Both physical and emotional stress can affect your digestion and lead to constipation.
6. Holding It In: When you delay having a bowel movement, your intestines absorb more water from the stool, making it drier and harder to pass.
How to Prevent Constipation:
1. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water unless your doctor has told you to limit fluids.
2. Eat Fiber-Rich Foods: Include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and nuts in your diet. Don't forget to drink water to help fiber work better.
3. Stay Active: Move around or take short walks, as allowed by your doctor. Activity can help your bowel function.
4. Follow Medication Guidelines: Talk to your doctor about possible alternatives to opioids or use stool softeners if recommended.
5. Consider Probiotics: These may help improve the balance of healthy bacteria in your gut, which could aid digestion.
6. Scheduled Toileting: Try to go to the bathroom at regular times during the day, even if you don’t feel the urge. This can help your body get into a routine.
Symptoms of Constipation:
Fewer than three bowel movements per week
Hard, dry, or lumpy stools
Straining or pain when trying to have a bowel movement
Feeling like you can’t completely empty your bowels
Stomach pain or bloating
Feeling full even after eating little
When to Call Your Home Health Care A:
If you don’t have a bowel movement for more than three days, despite taking preventive measures.
If you experience severe abdominal pain, bloating, or vomiting.
If there’s blood in your stool or rectal bleeding.
If you experience persistent straining or discomfort.
If you have symptoms of dehydration, such as dizziness or less urination.
By being aware of these risks, you can take steps to reduce the chances of having constipation and know when to reach out to your doctor for help.
PATIENT EDUCATION ASSESSMENT:
Risk Constipation
1. True or False – After hospitalization, you are at lower risk for constipation because of medication adjustments.
2. True or False – A bowel movement should occur at least once every three days.
3. True or False – Pain medications, especially opioids, can slow down bowel movements and cause constipation. (
4. True or False – Staying in bed for long periods after hospitalization does not affect bowel function.
5. True or False – A low-fiber diet can contribute to constipation.
6. True or False – Drinking plenty of fluids helps prevent constipation.
7. True or False – Holding in a bowel movement can make stool drier and harder to pass.
8. True or False – Taking short walks or engaging in light activity can help improve bowel function.
9. True or False – If you experience fewer than three bowel movements per week, it could indicate constipation.
10. True or False – If you are constipated, you should avoid fiber-rich foods until your bowel movements return to normal.
11. True or False – Stress has no effect on digestion and constipation.
12. True or False – A change in diet after hospitalization has no impact on constipation.
13. True or False – Probiotics may help support digestion and prevent constipation.
14. True or False – Abdominal or pelvic surgeries may temporarily affect bowel function.
15. True or False – If you don’t have a bowel movement for more than three days despite taking preventive measures, you should call your home health provider.
16. True or False – Feeling full even after eating a small amount can be a symptom of constipation.
17. True or False – Taking opioid pain medications does not require any additional constipation precautions.
18. True or False – Drinking caffeine instead of water is the best way to prevent constipation.
19. True or False – If you experience blood in your stool or rectal bleeding, you should contact your doctor.
20. True or False – You should only go to the bathroom when you feel the urge to have a bowel movement.
21. List three techniques that will help you reduce your risk of constipation.
Safety Tips for All Medications and Prescriptions
Take Medications as Directed
• Always follow the prescribed dosage and schedule.
• Do not adjust the dosage or stop taking the medication without consulting your healthcare provider.
• If just discharged from the hospital Rehabilitation center follow your discharge medication list.
Keep a List of All Medications
• Maintain an updated list of all medications, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and herbal supplements. Share this list with your doctor or pharmacist at each visit.
Read the Labels Every Time
• Read the name of the prescription and instructions on your prescription label each time before taking any medication. Do not go by the color, size, or shape of a pill and assume it’s the correct medication.
Always read your labels
• Never mix your medications into pill bottles that do not match the label.
Be aware of warnings about possible side effects or interactions with food, alcohol, or other medications.
• Monitor for Side Effects
• Be aware of potential side effects and monitor for any unusual symptoms.
If you experience any side effects, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Use a Medication Tracker
• Use a medication calendar, pill organizer, or smartphone app to help you remember when and how to take your medications.
Store Medications Properly
• Store medications in a cool, dry place, away from heat, moisture, and light unless otherwise stated on the label.
Keep medications out of reach of children, people with dementia or pets.
Do Not Share Medications
• Never share your medications with others, as they may not be safe for them.
• Never take someone else’s medication, even if it’s for a similar condition.
Do Not Mix Medications Without Guidance
• Avoid combining medications without first consulting your healthcare provider, as some medications can interact and cause harm.
Be cautious with over-the-counter medications, especially for conditions like colds or allergies, as they can interact with prescription medications. If you take any prescription medications, consult your doctor and or pharmacist before taking over the counter medications.
• Speak to your doctor or pharmacist prior to taking any over the counter medications
Be Cautious with Alcohol
• Always check if it is safe to consume alcohol while taking your medications. Alcohol can interact with many medications and cause dangerous side effects.
Regularly Check Expiration Dates
• Check the expiration date of all medications regularly. Dispose of expired medications properly to avoid accidental use.
Follow-Up with Healthcare Provider
• Attend all follow-up appointments to evaluate your medication regimen.
• Inform your provider about any changes in your health or any concerns with your medications.
Avoid Stopping Medications Suddenly
• Some medications, especially antidepressants or blood pressure medications, can cause withdrawal symptoms or worsen your condition if stopped abruptly. Always consult your doctor before discontinuing or changing a medication.
Be Aware of Allergic Reactions
• Learn the signs of an allergic reaction to a medication, including rash, swelling, trouble breathing, or dizziness. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms.
Consider Medication Interactions with Food
• Some medications may require you to avoid certain foods or drinks. Be sure to follow any dietary instructions from your doctor or pharmacist.
Consult Before Taking New Medications
• Before starting any new medication (including over-the-counter products or supplements), consult your healthcare provider to check for possible interactions with your current medications.
Be Aware of High-Risk Medications
• Some medications, such as blood thinners, sedatives, or opioids, may require extra monitoring. Follow the safety guidelines provided by your healthcare provider closely.
Ensure Proper Disposal of Medications
• Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour down the sink. Many pharmacies offer medication disposal services to safely dispose of unused or expired drugs.
Be Honest About Medication Adherence
• If you have trouble remembering or taking your medications as prescribed, talk to your Home Health Care Provider or Doctor about strategies or possible medication adjustments.
These guidelines are designed to help you safely manage your medications and reduce the risk of potential complications. Always consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist with any concerns or questions regarding your medications.
PATIENT HOMEWORK/ASSESSMENT – Safe Medication Administration
1. True or False: You should always follow the prescribed dosage and schedule for your medications.
2. True or False: It’s okay to adjust your medication dosage without consulting your healthcare provider if you feel it’s necessary.
3. True or False: You should keep an updated list of all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
4. True or False: It’s not necessary to share your medication list with your doctor or pharmacist.
5. True or False: You should never mix your medications into pill bottles that do not match the label.
6. True or False: You should read the instructions on your prescription label before taking any medication.
7. True or False: It’s safe to assume that if a pill looks similar to one you have taken before, it’s the correct medication.
8. True or False: It’s important to be aware of potential side effects and monitor for unusual symptoms.
9. True or False: If you experience side effects from a medication, you should stop taking it immediately without contacting your healthcare provider.
10. True or False: A medication tracker like a calendar or smartphone app can help you remember when and how to take your medications.
11. True or False: Medications should be stored in a cool, dry place unless otherwise stated on the label.
12. True or False: Medications can be safely stored in areas with high humidity and direct sunlight.
13. True or False: You should keep medications out of reach of children, persons with dementia, and pets.
14. True or False: It’s safe to share your medications with others if they have the same condition.
15. True or False: You should never take someone else’s medication, even if it’s for a similar condition.
16. True or False: You should always consult your healthcare provider before combining medications.
17. True or False: Over-the-counter medications can interact with prescription medications and should be taken without consulting your healthcare provider.
18. True or False: You should always check if it’s safe to consume alcohol while taking your medications.
19. True or False: Alcohol can interact with some medications and cause dangerous side effects.
20. True or False: You should check the expiration date of your medications regularly.
21. True or False: Expired medications are still safe to use if you don’t have access to new ones.
22. True or False: You should attend follow-up appointments to evaluate your medication regimen.
23. True or False: It’s okay to stop taking your medications suddenly without consulting your healthcare provider.
24. True or False: Never abruptly stuff your medications unless previously discussed with your physician.
25. True or False: If you have an allergic reaction to a medication, you should seek immediate medical attention.
26. True or False: Swelling of the throat or difficulty breathing can be signs of an allergic reaction that require immediate medical attention.
27. True or False: Some medications require you to avoid certain foods or drinks.
28. True or False: It’s safe to start new medications without consulting your healthcare provider about possible interactions with your current medications.
29. True or False: It's okay to use my friend's medication, she has the same diagnosis as I do.
30. True or False: Unused or expired medications should be flushed down the toilet to safely dispose of them.
Infection Control in Your Home
Keeping your home clean is important to prevent germs and infections. You can do a lot to protect yourself and your family.
1. Wash Your Hands Often
Wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Singing (Happy Birthday) while washing hands is sufficient time.
Do this before eating, after using the bathroom, after coughing or sneezing, and after touching pets.
2. Use Hand Sanitizers
If soap and water are not available, use a hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
Rub your hands together until dry.
3. Keep Surfaces Clean and Tidy
Wipe down countertops, tables, and frequently touched objects with disinfectant at least once a day.
Don’t let garbage pile up. Empty trash regularly.
Keep floors swept and mopped to prevent dirt and germs.
4. Be Careful with Pets
Wash your hands after touching pets.
Keep pets clean and healthy. Bathe them as needed.
Cat and dog hair can carry germs — vacuum floors and furniture regularly.
5. Watch Out for Insects
Keep food covered to prevent ants, flies, or other insects.
Use screens on windows and doors to prevent mosquitoes and flies.
Clean up standing water to stop mosquitoes from breeding.
6. Laundry and Clothing
Wash clothing, towels, and bed linens regularly.
Keep dirty laundry in a basket separate from clean items.
7. Kitchen and Food Safety
Wash fruits and vegetables before eating.
Cook meat, eggs, and fish thoroughly.
Keep raw meat separate from ready-to-eat foods.
8. General Tips
Cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze.
Avoid touching your face with unwashed hands.
Keep your home well-ventilated.
True or False Questions
True or False: Washing your hands for 5 seconds is enough to remove germs.
True or False: You should wash your hands after touching pets.
True or False: Hand sanitizer must contain at least 60% alcohol to be effective.
True or False: It is okay to leave garbage in the kitchen for several days.
True or False: Sweeping and mopping the floor helps prevent germs in your home.
True or False: Pet hair can carry germs that make people sick.
True or False: You should clean surfaces that are touched often every day.
True or False: Covering your mouth when you cough is not necessary if no one is around.
True or False: Standing water in your home can allow mosquitoes to breed.
True or False: Raw meat should be stored with ready-to-eat foods in the same container.
True or False: Washing fruits and vegetables before eating helps prevent illness.
True or False: Using screens on windows can help keep insects out.
True or False: Ventilating your home helps reduce germs in the air.
True or False: Dirty laundry should be kept separate from clean laundry.
True or False: You only need to disinfect surfaces if someone is sick.
True or False: Cooking meat thoroughly helps prevent foodborne illnesses.
True or False: You don’t need to wash your hands after using the bathroom if you only touched your clothes.
True or False: Covering food keeps it safe from insects and germs.
True or False: It is safe to touch your face before washing your hands.
True or False: Bathing pets helps reduce germs in your home.
Answer Key with Explanations
False – You should wash hands for at least 20 seconds to remove germs effectively.
True – Pets can carry germs on their fur, paws, or bodies.
True – Hand sanitizer must contain at least 60% alcohol to kill most germs.
False – Garbage should be taken out regularly to prevent bacteria and odors.
True – Cleaning floors removes dirt and germs that can spread infections.
True – Pet hair can carry germs and allergens.
True – Frequently touched surfaces can harbor germs; daily cleaning reduces risk.
False – Covering your mouth when coughing helps prevent spreading germs to the air.
True – Standing water is a breeding ground for mosquitoes.
False – Raw meat should be stored separately to prevent contamination.
True – Washing fruits and vegetables removes dirt and germs.
True – Screens prevent insects from entering your home.
True – Fresh air circulation helps reduce germs in enclosed spaces.
True – Keeping dirty laundry separate prevents contamination of clean items.
False – Surfaces should be disinfected regularly, not just when someone is sick.
True – Proper cooking kills bacteria and other pathogens in food.
False – Germs can be on surfaces and clothing; hands should be washed after bathroom use.
True – Covering food protects it from insects and germs.
False – Touching your face with unwashed hands can transfer germs and cause infection.
True – Bathing pets reduces germs and allergens in your home.
© 2025 Judith Regan / K.N.O.W. – Knowledge for Nurturing Optimal Well-Being. All rights reserved. | Educational use only | Not a substitute for medical advice | In emergencies call 911